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Abstract Objective: To explore a suitable postpartum contraception service mode through family planning and medical institutions collaboration to improve postpartum long-acting contraceptive use and reduce unintended pregnancy. Methods: A total of 1200 pregnant women who delivered in Nanwan People's Hospital between May 2012 and April 2013 were randomly selected and divided into intervention group (n=600) and control group (n=600). Women in the intervention group started lactating contraception service intervention from postpartum 21 days. The duration of breastfeeding, long-acting contraceptive use and the incidence of unintended pregnancy were evaluated. Results: A total of 274 women (45.67%) in the intervention group and 172 (28.67%) in the control group underwent breastfeeding for 6 months (χ2=37.126, P<0.05). A total of 250 (41.67%) women in the intervention group and 172 (28.67%) in the control group used a long-acting contraceptive method within one year after delivery (χ2=19.889, P<0.05). Unwanted pregnancy one year after delivery was found in 29 (4.83%) women in the intervention group and 61 (10.17%) in the control group (χ2=12.3, P<0.05). The scores of contraceptive knowledge were 72.53 in the intervention group and 63.92 in the control group (t=2.63, P<0.05). Conclusion: The intervention of lactating contraception service started from postpartum 21 days through family planning and medical institutions collaboration could increase the duration of breastfeeding, improve the long-acting contraceptive use and the awareness of contraceptive knowledge, and reduce the incidence of postpartum unintended pregnancy and artificial termination of pregnancy.
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